The three wise men between history and legend: the tale of one of the most popular western myths. The rediscovery of three characters that, during the centuries, achieved a fundamental role for evangelic narration, besides artistic and literary dimensions still to discover and analyze. Three Wise Men, representatives of the three ages of life, kings of three countries of different continents. They were called Gaspare, Melchiorre and Baldassarre. We all know their story. Yet all of this does not appear in the Gospel of Matthew, the only one that reports this tale. How this legend has been built over the centuries? This work gives the reader an organic framework and a homogeneus narrative, in the light of the texts that complete and comment the original story, following and studying the history of relics since the Middle Ages, watching the artists and writers who are inspired by the liturgy of the Church, drawing fully from popular traditions. In this work, Madeleine Félix explores the myth of the Wise Men to reveal all the treasure. Myth and theological theme at first, then the universality of the message of Christ, which becomes popular afterwards and accompanies the “invention”, and then the cult, of the religion of the Wise Men. The story of this evolution is explained in the pages of this book.